After studying the content of these projects, you will be able to:

• Use standard arithmetic blocks for integer numbers based on the two�€™s complement (2C) convention: subtractors, adders, comparators, multipliers, etc.

• Solve arithmetic operations for integers in two�€™s complement format (2C).

• Explain the range of an N-bit integer number in 2C and the meaning of an overflow operation result.

• Design combinational circuits in a hierarchical way using multiple combinational circuits as components (plan C2).

• Explain why a XOR gate can be considered a programmable gate that can be both an inverter or a buffer.

• Perform VHDL gate-level simulations to calculate propagation delays and the maximum speed of computation of a given circuit.

• Discuss the main features of the electronic technology behind a CPLD or FPGA.

• Implement circuits in target PLD chips (CPLD or FPGA) populating the laboratory training boards from Xilinx, Intel-Altera or Lattice Semiconductor.

• Design circuits that can operate on different types of data, for instance, natural and integer numbers.